Cov hlau tsis-alloy nrog cov yam ntxwv siab kub yog P295GH. Nws ua tau zoo thaum khoov txias thiab vuam thiab muaj cov yas zoo thiab kav ntev. Nws yog siv los tsim ntau yam tshuab thiab qhov chaw, suav nrog lub plhaub siab rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob nuclear, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv, cov khoom sib cais, cov tso tsheb hlau luam kheej kheej, cov roj thiab cov roj tso tsheb hlau luam, cov roj liquefied roj tso tsheb hlau luam, nruas rau boilers, lub tog raj kheej rau cov roj av liquefied roj av, dej siab. cov kav dej rau cov nroj tsuag hydropower, thiab turbine volutes. P295GH steel phaj yog carbon steel thawv steel uas ua raws li European qauv; Nws yog ib hom hlau siv rau cov hlab ntsha siab thiab boilers. "P" sawv cev rau European Standard Container Plate. Nws cov qauv siv yog EN10028-2-2019, thiab tib lub koob kuj suav nrog P355GH thiab P265H.
Raws li CEN / CENELEC cov kev cai sab hauv, lub teb chaws tus qauv tsim ntawm cov teb chaws hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua raws li European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech koom pheej, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Fabkis, Lub teb chaws Yelemees, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Ltalis, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, thiab United Kingdom (Great Britain).
Chemical Composition (%) ntawm P295GH Siab Vessel Steel
P295GH feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov pa roj carbon (C), manganese (Mn), thiab silicon (Si), nrog rau cov khoom ntxiv xws li phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), thiab txhuas (Al), thiab lwm yam alloying. cov khoom, muaj nyob rau hauv me me.
| CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%) | |||||||||||
| C, max | Mn | P, max | S, max | Si, max | Cr, max | Nim, max | Mo, max | Cu, max | Al, max | N, max | Nb, max |
| 0.20 | 0.80-1.40 | 0.025 | 0.01 | 0.40 | 0.30 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.30 | 0.02 | 0.012 | 0.02 |
Mechanical Properties ntawm P295GH Siab Vessel Steel
| MECHANICAL PROPERTIES | ||||
| Thickness (hli) | Tensile zog, MPa | Yield zog, MPa | Elongation (%), min | Impact Test Akv (0 degree), J |
| 8 Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug t Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 100 | 410-530 | 215-265 | 22 | 34 |
| 100 | 400-530 | 200 | ||
| 150 | 390-530 | 185 | ||
Vim nws muaj zog poob siab tsis kam, P295GH muaj kev ntseeg siab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov nrog dynamic loads. Cov hlau tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob hauv tshav kub cycling yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev vim nws qhov sib piv qis ntawm thermal expansion. Txhawm rau txhim kho nws cov khoom siv zoo, P295GH tuaj yeem raug rau normalizing, annealing, tempering, thiab lwm yam kev kho cua sov. Lub microstructure yog refined, thiab lub toughness ntawm cov hlau yog nce los ntawm normalizing nws ntawm kub ntawm 890 degree thiab 950 degree thiab ces txias nws nrog huab cua. Internal tensions yog relieved thiab grain refinement yog pab los ntawm annealing, uas entails cua sov cov hlau mus rau ib tug kub ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntau yam thiab ces maj mam txias nws. Txhawm rau nce hardness, lub zog, thiab toughness, quenching thiab tempering muaj xws li ceev ceev txias ua raws li kev tswj cua sov. Cov hlau phaj ua los ntawm P295GH feem ntau yog xa mus rau hauv lub xeev zoo li qub. Normalizing dov tej zaum yuav siv tsis tau normalizing, raws li kev pom zoo ntawm tus kws kho mob thiab tus neeg yuav khoom. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev ua tau zoo ua raws li cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb hauv qhov xwm txheej no, cov qauv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv kev simulation ntawm normalization raws li qhov kev pom zoo ntawm qhov ntsuas zaus.
Kev ntsuam xyuas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj, uas yog ib txoj hauv kev los kuaj xyuas qhov chaw thiab sab hauv qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw kuaj xyuas yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub chaw ua haujlwm lossis cov khoom siv raw, feem ntau ua rau P295GH steel phaj thiab siv los nrhiav qhov tsis zoo lossis tawg hauv cov hlau. cov ntaub ntawv los yog qhov chaw. Cov txheej txheem hauv qab no feem ntau siv los nrhiav qhov tsis zoo: X-ray, ultrasonic, magnetic particle, penetrant, eddy tam sim no, -ray, fluorescence, coloring, thiab lwm yam txuj ci. Kev txheeb xyuas qhov tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj yam tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg hloov pauv yog lub npe hu ua qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub cev.
Cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau kev ua tau zoo los ntawm cov tuab tuab siv rau P295GH. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lamellar tearing thaum vuam nyob rau hauv cov qauv hlau koom nrog vuam, lamellar tearing-resistant steel yuav tsum tau siv thaum lub thickness ntawm cov hlau phaj yog tsawg kawg yog 40 hli thiab nws raug rau tensile quab yuam raws lub thickness ntawm cov phaj. Lamellar ripping yog ib qho teeb meem nrog cov phaj tuab; Li no, Z-kev taw qhia kev ua tau zoo yog qhia.
Cov hlau phaj thiab ntu yog tsim los ntawm dov. Feem ntau, cov hlau siv nyob rau hauv ntau zaj dab neeg steel qauv yog kub dov. Kub dov tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov qauv casting ntawm cov hlau ingot thiab kho cov nplej ntawm cov hlau. Npuas thiab kab nrib pleb tsim thaum lub sij hawm ingot casting tuaj yeem welded nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, yog li txhim kho cov khoom siv ntawm cov hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev txhim kho no feem ntau yog tshwm sim hauv cov kev taw qhia dov vim tias cov khoom tsis yog xim hlau (feem ntau yog sulfides, oxides, silicates, thiab lwm yam) hauv cov hlau yog nias rau hauv cov ntawv nyias tom qab dov thiab tseem nyob hauv cov hlau phaj (feem ntau yog sib npaug rau lub nto ntawm steel phaj), thiaj li hais tias cov hlau phaj zoo nkaus li muaj ib tug delamination (interlayer) phenomenon. Qhov no non-metallic interlayer tshwm sim deteriorates cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau nyob rau hauv nro raws thickness kev taw qhia. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom siv ntawm cov hlau phaj sib txawv nyob rau hauv peb cov lus qhia: qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog raws li cov kev taw qhia dov; qhov kev ua tau zoo perpendicular mus rau dov kev taw qhia yog me ntsis zuj zus; thiab qhov kev ua tau zoo raws li qhov kev taw qhia thickness yog qhov phem dua.
Kev siv ntawm P295GH Pressure Vessel Steel
P295GH feem ntau yog siv hauv kev tsim cov tso tsheb hlau luam, cov hlab ntsha siab, thiab cov boilers hauv cov haujlwm xws li roj thiab roj, kev ua tshuaj, thiab kev tsim hluav taws xob. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog siv los tsim superheaters, phab ntsa dej, thiab chav nruas, uas yog tag nrho cov seem ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob. Vim nws lub zog siab thiab kub tsis kam, P295GH feem ntau siv hauv cov kav dej rau kev xa tawm cov kua dej thiab cov pa roj. P295GH yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam nuclear los tsim nuclear reactors vim nws ua tau raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb nruj thiab muaj hluav taws xob tsis zoo. Thaum tshav kub kub exchangers, gas cylinders, thiab structural ntsiab siv nyob rau hauv high-kub kub yog ib co lwm yam kev siv.
